Skip to main content

How would you analyze the "shadow self" and "will to live" in "The Masque of the Red Death"?

Carl Jung was the psychoanalyst who first discussed the concept of the “shadow self.” The shadow self represents the dark sides of our personalities, where we keep all the thoughts, impulses, and desires that society or our own moral code find unacceptable or even evil. Our shadow self can also house realities we deny because they are too painful or frightening to face.

In “The Masque of the Red Death,” Edgar Allan Poe introduces us to Prince Prospero. In his country, a plague has broken out and is decimating the population. It is a fast-moving plague, characterized by sudden sharp pains, followed by “profuse bleeding at the pores.” Once struck, the victim is dead within thirty minutes.


Prospero decides to try to cheat Death by gathering a thousand of his friends and closing them in his castle with him. He ignores the needs of his country and focuses on his own self-preservation. For six months, the prince and his chosen fellow survivors live well in the castle. Prospero has taken care to stock up with ample provisions. He continues to deny death despite the fact it surrounds the castle on all sides.


This refusal to face the reality of death and his fear of it is part of Prospero’s shadow self. His narcissism is also part of his shadow self, fueled by his desire to survive the plague.



The external world could take care of itself. In the meantime, it was folly to grieve, or to think. The prince had provided all the appliances of pleasure. There were buffoons, there were improvisatori, there were ballet-dancers, there were musicians, there was Beauty, there was wine. All these and security were within. Without was the “Red Death.”



The way he chooses to decorate the rooms for the costume ball almost seems like Prospero’s shadow self has been given more reign over his conscious self than is wise:



It was his own guiding taste which had given character to the masqueraders. Be sure they were grotesque… here were delirious fancies such as the madman fashions. There was much of the beautiful, much of the wanton, much of the bizarre, something of the terrible, and not a little of that which might have excited disgust.



At midnight, Death appears, but Prospero does not recognize him. He fights back an instinctive shudder and threatens to hang this masquerader in the morning. He chases Death into the black room, his dagger drawn, certain that he can get the better of this uninvited visitor. His will to live causes him to take yet another foolish action—to confront death with the idea that he could defeat it.


Both Prospero and his shadow self denied the reality of the plague. Wrapping himself in hedonistic pleasures with his thousand friends, he indulged his desires no matter how wanton or bizarre. His focus was to live, and live on his own terms. Nevertheless, it was no use. As the narrator points out in the last line of the story, ”Darkness and Decay and the Red Death held illimitable dominion over all.”

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

What are some external and internal conflicts that Montag has in Fahrenheit 451?

 Montag, the protagonist of Fahrenheit 451, faces both external and internal conflicts throughout the novel. Some examples of these conflicts are: External Conflicts: Conflict with the society: Montag lives in a society that prohibits books and critical thinking. He faces opposition from the government and the people who enforce this law. Montag struggles to come to terms with the fact that his society is based on censorship and control. Conflict with his wife: Montag's wife, Mildred, is completely absorbed in the shallow and meaningless entertainment provided by the government. Montag's growing dissatisfaction with his marriage adds to his external conflict. Conflict with the fire captain: Montag's superior, Captain Beatty, is the personification of the oppressive regime that Montag is fighting against. Montag's struggle against Beatty represents his external conflict with the government. Internal Conflicts: Conflict with his own beliefs: Montag, at the beginning of th...

In A People's History of the United States, why does Howard Zinn feel that Wilson made a flimsy argument for entering World War I?

"War is the health of the state," the radical writer Randolph Bourne said, in the midst of the First World War. Indeed, as the nations of Europe went to war in 1914, the governments flourished, patriotism bloomed, class struggle was stilled, and young men died in frightful numbers on the battlefields-often for a hundred yards of land, a line of trenches. -- Chapter 14, Page 350, A People's History of the United States Howard Zinn outlines his arguments for why World War I was fought in the opening paragraph of Chapter 14 (referenced above). The nationalism that was created by the Great War benefited the elite political and financial leadership of the various countries involved. Socialism, which was gaining momentum in Europe, as was class struggle, took a backseat to mobilizing for war. Zinn believes that World War I was fought for the gain of the industrial capitalists of Europe in a competition for capital and resources. He states that humanity itself was punished by t...

Where did Atticus take the light and extension cord in To Kill a Mockingbird?

Atticus brings the light to the courthouse jail so that he can protect Tom Robinson.  Atticus learns that Tom Robinson, his client, is in danger.  A group of white men want to prevent the trial and lynch Robinson. He is warned by a small group of men that appear at his house.  He refuses to back down.  Atticus knows that the Cunninghams will target his client, so he plans to sit up all night with... Atticus brings the light to the courthouse jail so that he can protect Tom Robinson.  Atticus learns that Tom Robinson, his client, is in danger.  A group of white men want to prevent the trial and lynch Robinson. He is warned by a small group of men that appear at his house.  He refuses to back down.  Atticus knows that the Cunninghams will target his client, so he plans to sit up all night with Jim if that’s what it takes to protect him.  Atticus tells the men that he will make sure his client gets his fair shake at the law.  “Link, that boy might go to the chair, but he’s not going till ...