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Showing posts from February, 2014

The sparks from a sparkler are tiny pieces of burning iron. Where does the oxygen come from that is reacting with the iron?

This depends on the composition of the sparkler. It's entirely possible that it's just reacting with the gaseous oxygen in the atmosphere, as would be the case with most combustion reactions we would typically call "fire." Explosives and incendiaries, such as those initiated by gunpowder, carry their own oxygen within their chemical makeup.  If the sparkler is a gunpowder mixture with iron filings thrown in for effect, then the oxygen is coming from potassium nitrate,... This depends on the composition of the sparkler. It's entirely possible that it's just reacting with the gaseous oxygen in the atmosphere, as would be the case with most combustion reactions we would typically call "fire." Explosives and incendiaries, such as those initiated by gunpowder, carry their own oxygen within their chemical makeup.  If the sparkler is a gunpowder mixture with iron filings thrown in for effect, then the oxygen is coming from potassium nitrate, or "saltpe

What is the relationship between vampire bats and horses: mutualism, commensalism, or parasitism?

Mutualism In a mutualistic relationship, both species benefit from the relationship.  Example: Bees and pollinating flowers - The bees benefit by gaining nectar from the flowers. The flower benefits by using the bee to carry its pollen to other flowers.  Commensalism In a commensalistic relationship, one species benefits from the relationship, while the other species is not positively or negatively affected. Example: An example is the relationship that exists between cattle egrets and cattle. The... Mutualism In a mutualistic relationship, both species benefit from the relationship.  Example: Bees and pollinating flowers - The bees benefit by gaining nectar from the flowers. The flower benefits by using the bee to carry its pollen to other flowers.  Commensalism In a commensalistic relationship, one species benefits from the relationship, while the other species is not positively or negatively affected. Example: An example is the relationship that exists between cattle egrets and cattl

At Children’s Hospital (CHOP) the emergency room and clinics are always busy. A 5-year-old white male child in good general health and physical...

The symptoms described in the student's question are consistent with a diagnosis of strep throat. In fact, they are a textbook definition of strep throat. The inflammation of the tonsils would, obviously, suggest a potential for tonsillitis, but absent a history of such inflammation, and given the additional information provided, especially the reference to a positive lab result for a Strep swab, the most likely condition is strep throat, caused by the Streptococcus bacteria. Sore throats can be either viral or bacterial. In the case of the former, the condition can be expected to disappear on its own, with over-the-counter medications, mainly acetaminophen or ibuprofen, given to the child to reduce the fever and soreness. In the case of a bacterial infection, however, an antibiotic will generally be prescribed. Unfortunately, a history of over-prescription of antibiotics has rendered them increasingly ineffective due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. Co

Fiscal policy affects which two parts of aggregate demand directly?

Aggregate demand, as you can see in the link below, is made up of four components.  These components are consumer spending, government purchases, investment, and net exports.  Fiscal policy is made up of two components.  These are government spending and taxes.  I would argue that only one of the components of aggregate demand (government purchases) is directly affected by fiscal policy.  If, however, we have to identify one other component, I would say that it... Aggregate demand, as you can see in the link below, is made up of four components.  These components are consumer spending, government purchases, investment, and net exports.  Fiscal policy is made up of two components.  These are government spending and taxes.  I would argue that only one of the components of aggregate demand (government purchases) is directly affected by fiscal policy.  If, however, we have to identify one other component, I would say that it is consumer spending. Clearly, fiscal policy will affect governme

What are quantitative interviewing, qualitative interviewing, and focus groups?

The primary difference between qualitative and quantitative interviewing is that qualitative interviews are exploratory and focus on opinions and motivations while quantitative interviews focus on measurable data and facts. A focus group is a type of qualitative interview that is used to gather opinions and other qualitative information from a group. Qualitative interviewing is used to gain understanding of the motivations behind human behavior and to develop hypotheses that can be used as the basis for experimental research. Qualitative research focuses on thoughts and opinions, giving people the chance to voice subjective concerns. Focus groups are a common type of qualitative interview that involves multiple participants. In a standard focus group, participants are chosen either because they have a particular trait in common or because they represent the diversity of a broader group. Companies often hire researchers to conduct focus groups in order to test the effectiveness of their

What are some interesting facts about processed food in Michael Pollan's book The Omnivore's Dilemma, and what are the effects of this type of...

On page 17 of The Omnivore's Dilemma , Pollan says that a consumer has "to be a fairly determined ecological detective" to figure out where processed food comes from, while it is easier to determine the origin of less or non-processed food. When he traced the long food chains of processed food (meaning determining where they came from), he found that many of them go back to the American Corn Belt and a single species... On page 17 of The Omnivore's Dilemma , Pollan says that a consumer has "to be a fairly determined ecological detective" to figure out where processed food comes from, while it is easier to determine the origin of less or non-processed food. When he traced the long food chains of processed food (meaning determining where they came from), he found that many of them go back to the American Corn Belt and a single species called the Zea mays , or corn. For example, most cows, chickens, pigs, and even fish such as salmon feed on corn. In addition,

What are some social aspects of Robert Parker's novel Double Deuce?

There are several important social aspects to Robert Parker's novel Double Deuce . The inciting incident for the novel is a gang-related drive by shooting of Devona Jefferson. She's a teenage mother who is shot for her involvement with a gang. These are social problems that are all too common: street violence, gang violence, and teen mothers. Throughout the novel, race plays a major part. Spenser (Parker's main detective) gets involved because Hawk (his best... There are several important social aspects to Robert Parker's novel Double Deuce . The inciting incident for the novel is a gang-related drive by shooting of Devona Jefferson. She's a teenage mother who is shot for her involvement with a gang. These are social problems that are all too common: street violence, gang violence, and teen mothers. Throughout the novel, race plays a major part. Spenser (Parker's main detective) gets involved because Hawk (his best friend) is asked to bring the girl's killer

In post-WWII Europe, what was the Soviet Union doing that angered other countries?

In post-WWII Europe, many countries (including countries like the US that were not in Europe) were angry at the Soviet Union because the Soviets were trying to control as much territory as they possibly could.  Some people within the countries they controlled were angry because they did not want to be communist and/or dominated by the USSR.  Other countries were angry because they did not want communism to spread across Europe. After WWII, the Soviet... In post-WWII Europe, many countries (including countries like the US that were not in Europe) were angry at the Soviet Union because the Soviets were trying to control as much territory as they possibly could.  Some people within the countries they controlled were angry because they did not want to be communist and/or dominated by the USSR.  Other countries were angry because they did not want communism to spread across Europe. After WWII, the Soviet Union wanted to control as much of Europe (and particularly Eastern Europe) as they cou

What is inflectional morphology and how does it differ from derivational morphology?

The core of this answer is really about how the semantic meaning of the word changes after it has been altered. Inflectional morphemes don't undergo the same kind of drastic change that derivational morphemes do. By this, I mean that a word like 'cat' can be inflected for plural form by simply adding the suffix -s to the end (i.e. 'cats'). When you do this, you are still dealing with 'cat' as a noun and... The core of this answer is really about how the semantic meaning of the word changes after it has been altered. Inflectional morphemes don't undergo the same kind of drastic change that derivational morphemes do. By this, I mean that a word like 'cat' can be inflected for plural form by simply adding the suffix -s to the end (i.e. 'cats'). When you do this, you are still dealing with 'cat' as a noun and simply adding more of it to the count. Likewise, the infinitive 'to dance' can be inflected for person (he DANCES) and

Why is it impossible for your body to not move any muscles at all?

If no muscles in your body moved, you would not remain alive. Your heart is made of cardiac muscle. It beats continuously from about 6 weeks after an egg cell is fertilized until the person dies. Heart rates vary, but on average a human heart beats 60-72 times per minute throughout the person's life. In addition to the heart itself, a group of skeletal muscles form the skeletal-muscle pump. These small muscles help the blood... If no muscles in your body moved, you would not remain alive. Your heart is made of cardiac muscle. It beats continuously from about 6 weeks after an egg cell is fertilized until the person dies. Heart rates vary, but on average a human heart beats 60-72 times per minute throughout the person's life. In addition to the heart itself, a group of skeletal muscles form the skeletal-muscle pump. These small muscles help the blood return to the heart through the veins by gently squeezing the veins. You might be able to keep from moving all of your voluntary sk

Referencing Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, how might I write four diary entries from either Bob Ewell's or Mayella Ewell's perspective?

This is an interesting assignment. It might be easier to choose to write from Mayella's perspective because young girls usually write in diaries, not older men. One entry could be about what actually happened on the day she trapped and kissed Tom Robinson; the next would could be about being beat up by her father and lying to the police about it; then, the third one could be about how she feels the night before the trial; and the fourth one could be about her feelings after the trial. The first entry would show Mayella talking about Tom Robinson being handsome and kind to her. She likes him because he is kind to her and speaks to her kindly as well. Her white pride might come into her reasoning that if she can make a black man do chores for her, she could kiss him, and he wouldn't say anything about it because it would be her word against his. This entry should also include the plan about how she sends her siblings off with nickels for ice-cream so she and Tom can be alone. She

How do you approach an essay question that uses "To what extent do you agree" as its stem?

In my experience, teachers never assign a question like this if the answer is anything other than “to some extent.” In other words, whatever the proposition after the stem is, it is always partly true and partly untrue. So, if there is a question that asks “to what extent was the US responsible for the Allied victory in WWII in Europe,” I assume that the instructor believes that the US was partly responsible for the... In my experience, teachers never assign a question like this if the answer is anything other than “to some extent.” In other words, whatever the proposition after the stem is, it is always partly true and partly untrue. So, if there is a question that asks “to what extent was the US responsible for the Allied victory in WWII in Europe,” I assume that the instructor believes that the US was partly responsible for the victory, but that there were also ways in which the US was not responsible. Alternatively, imagine if you are asked “to what extent were Romeo and Juliet res

In Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, what happens when Jem and Scout come back from the costume party?

The school holds an autumn pageant.  They have a Halloween costume contest with a cash prize (a quarter).  Jem accompanies Scout, who is dressed up as a ham hock.  On the way home, they cut through the woods to head home.  Jem is the first one to hear a sound as they walk.  They assume it is Cecil, trying to sneak up on them.  The sounds continue as they walk home.  Scout and Jem stop,... The school holds an autumn pageant.  They have a Halloween costume contest with a cash prize (a quarter).  Jem accompanies Scout, who is dressed up as a ham hock.  On the way home, they cut through the woods to head home.  Jem is the first one to hear a sound as they walk.  They assume it is Cecil, trying to sneak up on them.  The sounds continue as they walk home.  Scout and Jem stop, and hear that "he [is] running, running toward [them] with no child’s steps" ( To Kill a Mockingbird , Chapter 28).  They know that it is not Cecil who has been following them.  The stalker is Bob Ewell and he

What life skills does "Rules of the Game" teach us for achieving success?

In this story, Waverly’s mother teaches her the art of “invisible strength.”  What that means is that sometimes you can accomplish more by quietly working toward a goal.  Waverly learns to do this with chess.  She learns not to brag or frets about her losses. An example of this is when Waverly is learning to play from a mentor, one of the men in the park, Lau Po.  When she loses and throws away the pieces, he lets her know that this does not follow chess etiquette.  Part of being a good chess player is learning from your mistakes and not being a sore loser. Waverly recounts some of the rules she learned about playing chess, including these. Never announce "Check" with vanity, lest someone with an unseen sword slit your throat.  Never hurl pieces into the sandbox after you have lost a game, because then you must find them again, by yourself, after apologizing to all around you. In many ways, these are also the rules for life.  Do not brag, especially before you are sure you ha

Why does Calpurnia arrive at the courthouse in Chapter 20 of To Kill a Mockingbird?

At the end of Chapter 20, Calpurnia makes her way to Atticus, who has just given his closing remarks. Calpurnia politely asks Judge Taylor if she could pass a note to Atticus. Calpurnia delivers a note written by Aunt Alexandra, which says the children have been missing since noon. Mr. Underwood tells Atticus that Jem, Scout, and Dill are sitting in the Colored balcony, and they've been there since noon. Atticus then calls for Jem... At the end of Chapter 20, Calpurnia makes her way to Atticus, who has just given his closing remarks. Calpurnia politely asks Judge Taylor if she could pass a note to Atticus. Calpurnia delivers a note written by Aunt Alexandra, which says the children have been missing since noon. Mr. Underwood tells Atticus that Jem, Scout, and Dill are sitting in the Colored balcony, and they've been there since noon. Atticus then calls for Jem to come down, and the children climb across Reverend Sykes to make their way toward Atticus. Scout mentions that Cal

Why does Scout prefer the world of men to the world in which "fragrant ladies rocked slowly, fanned gently, and drank cool water?"

Scout is a "tomboy" who prefers playing outside and going on adventures to wearing frilly clothing and indulging in many of the feminine pastimes her peers enjoy. She would rather play with the boys and discuss what she perceives to be masculine topics than relate to other girls her age or to older women. In this sense, Scout finds herself able to relate to the theme of being an outsider, which is portrayed throughout "To... Scout is a "tomboy" who prefers playing outside and going on adventures to wearing frilly clothing and indulging in many of the feminine pastimes her peers enjoy. She would rather play with the boys and discuss what she perceives to be masculine topics than relate to other girls her age or to older women. In this sense, Scout finds herself able to relate to the theme of being an outsider, which is portrayed throughout "To Kill a Mockingbird." While Scout's wily personality stands on its own, a possible secondary explanation fo

Why did the U.S. become involved in the conflict in Indochina?

The short answer to this question is that policy leaders in the United States feared the spread of communism. Operating under a concept often described as the "domino theory," they thought that if Indochina, and after the overthrow of French colonialists South Vietnam, fell under communist control, the path to communist dominance in places like Thailand, Indonesia, and even India would be opened. The United States initially supported France in its struggle against the independence... The short answer to this question is that policy leaders in the United States feared the spread of communism. Operating under a concept often described as the "domino theory," they thought that if Indochina, and after the overthrow of French colonialists South Vietnam, fell under communist control, the path to communist dominance in places like Thailand, Indonesia, and even India would be opened. The United States initially supported France in its struggle against the independence movem

On what page in the book Night by Elie Wiesel did Elie's father get beaten while Elie just stood there doing absolutely nothing, with not a...

Idek beat Wiesel’s father for “loafing” while working, and he did nothing to stop it. In the instance I believe you are describing, Elie Wiesel watched the Kapo Idek beat his father for no reason, because he said he was “loafing” (not working fast enough) while loading a boxcar. In this case, they were “loading diesel motors” onto the freight cars, and in addition to Idek they were also being watched by German soldiers. Perhaps... Idek beat Wiesel’s father for “loafing” while working, and he did nothing to stop it. In the instance I believe you are describing, Elie Wiesel watched the Kapo Idek beat his father for no reason, because he said he was “loafing” (not working fast enough) while loading a boxcar. In this case, they were “loading diesel motors” onto the freight cars, and in addition to Idek they were also being watched by German soldiers. Perhaps this is why Idek was particularly grumpy.  I had watched it all happening without moving. I kept silent. In fact, I thought of steali

What does it say about Nick that he was the only one invited to the party?

Upon attending one of Gatsby's parties for the first time, Nick asserts that he "was one of the few guests who had actually been invited." Therefore, Nick is designated by Gatsby as special, at least in comparison to the other people who attend his parties. Initially, Gatsby is interested in Nick only because Nick is the cousin of Daisy Buchanan, the woman with whom Gatsby is in love. However, as the novel progresses, Nick proves... Upon attending one of Gatsby's parties for the first time, Nick asserts that he "was one of the few guests who had actually been invited." Therefore, Nick is designated by Gatsby as special, at least in comparison to the other people who attend his parties. Initially, Gatsby is interested in Nick only because Nick is the cousin of Daisy Buchanan, the woman with whom Gatsby is in love. However, as the novel progresses, Nick proves to be of interest to Gatsby because he is honest and nonjudgmental, a distinction which sets Nick apa

How does Shakespeare explore the theme of fate in Romeo and Juliet?

Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet opens with a prologue that details the subject of fate. In a description of the events to come, it is stated that: From forth the fatal loins of these two foes A pair of star-cross'd lovers take their life; Whose misadventures piteous overthrows Do with their death bury their parents' strife. The particular use of the term "star-cross'd" suggests that Romeo and Juliet's relationship was doomed from the start—born, bred, and eventually killed off by the poor alignment of the stars or dismissive hand of fate. Is this true, though? Is fate responsible for the tragedy that occurs in this play, or are characters' impulsive actions and mistakes the source of their downfall?  Shakespeare never gives us a concrete answer on the matter, but he certainly does reference fate frequently throughout the play. Prior to the Capulets' ball, Romeo states: ...my mind misgives Some consequence yet hanging in the stars Shall bitterly beg

What are the themes in The Day of the Triffids, written by John Wyndham? Also, what makes the characters relevant regardless of which era you read...

The Day of the Triffids abounds with many themes: catastrophe, natural selection and evolution, the human need for survival, the threat of invasion and human extinction, the collapse of moral values in a dystopian society, the importance of hope, etc. However, I would like to focus on the two of the most important themes: the survival and reestablishment of the human race and the importance of science. This novel presents us with a dystopian world,... The Day of the Triffids abounds with many themes: catastrophe, natural selection and evolution, the human need for survival, the threat of invasion and human extinction, the collapse of moral values in a dystopian society, the importance of hope, etc. However, I would like to focus on the two of the most important themes: the survival and reestablishment of the human race and the importance of science. This novel presents us with a dystopian world, in which we are faced with a pessimistic view of humanity. When our protagonist, Bill Masen

What is a man vs. self conflict for Katniss in the Catching Fire novel?

Katniss experiences a number of life-altering changes after winning The Hunger Games, as well as trauma from the Games themselves. It is unsurprising that she would have many internal conflicts as a result.  One of these conflicts involves her contradictory feelings about her new place in District 12. In the first book, she was among the poorest of the poor in her District, nearly dying of hunger when her father died in a mining accident.... Katniss experiences a number of life-altering changes after winning The Hunger Games, as well as trauma from the Games themselves. It is unsurprising that she would have many internal conflicts as a result.  One of these conflicts involves her contradictory feelings about her new place in District 12. In the first book, she was among the poorest of the poor in her District, nearly dying of hunger when her father died in a mining accident. In Catching Fire , she has become one of the most wealthy people in the District, living in the Victor's Vi

In Praying for Sheetrock by Melissa Fay Greene, what are some of the similarities and differences between Thurnell Alston and Sheriff Poppell?

Melissa Fay Greene’s Praying for Sheetrock: A Work of Nonfiction tells the story of McIntosh County, a small, isolated Georgia town, where, in the 1970s, the civil rights movement had bypassed entirely.  Despite the desegregation achievements that were sweeping across the nation in the 1970s, McIntosh County was heavily stratified by race, with the white sheriff presiding over all social, ethical, and legal affairs.  The story is essentially about two men:  Thurnell Alston, a black man who took on the white hierarchy of McIntosh County, and Tom Poppell, the white sheriff who ruled over the community.  First and foremost, both men are strong, charismatic characters who are steadfast in their beliefs and use their power to influence those around them.  Thurnell Alston was a disabled boilermaker, but he was not afraid to voice his opinions or stand up for what he thought to be right.  He states, “There’s a lot of people have been intimidated in McIntosh, but there was no fear of things f

What are four examples from Poe's "The Raven" that demonstrate the effect that alliteration and assonance have on the reader?

One example of alliteration, the repetition of an initial consonant sound, occurs when the narrator says, "Deep into the darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, / Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before" (25-26). The repetition of the hard "d" sound in these two lines helps to enhance the ominous mood generated by the meaning of the words. The narrator is nervously staring into the darkness, a somewhat foreboding action,... One example of alliteration, the repetition of an initial consonant sound, occurs when the narrator says, "Deep into the darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, / Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before" (25-26). The repetition of the hard "d" sound in these two lines helps to enhance the ominous mood generated by the meaning of the words. The narrator is nervously staring into the darkness, a somewhat foreboding action, and the repetition of the &

After Gatsby's private conversation with Daisy, how has he changed?

In Chapter Five, with Nick's help, Gatsby arranges a meeting with Daisy. This is the first time that he has seen Daisy in almost five years and before their private meeting, he is extremely nervous. Nick describes him as being "pale as death," for example, and "acting like a little boy" around her. After being left alone  with Daisy, however, Nick is struck by the change in Gatsby's appearance and demeanour: "He literally glowed; without... In Chapter Five, with Nick's help, Gatsby arranges a meeting with Daisy. This is the first time that he has seen Daisy in almost five years and before their private meeting, he is extremely nervous. Nick describes him as being "pale as death," for example, and "acting like a little boy" around her. After being left alone  with Daisy, however, Nick is struck by the change in Gatsby's appearance and demeanour: "He literally glowed; without a word or a gesture of exultation a new well-be

What is the significance of this quote from Cicero? "The first law of historiography is daring not to say anything false, and the second is not...

This quotation is taken from Cicero's De Oratore and reflects a debate in antiquity about the purpose, style, and methods of historical writing. For Cicero, as for many ancient authors, history was considered a branch of rhetoric. The purpose of history was not simply to be a record of facts, but to teach moral lessons. This led to significant debates about how much a historian should simply stick to bare known facts versus the degree... This quotation is taken from Cicero's De Oratore and reflects a debate in antiquity about the purpose, style, and methods of historical writing. For Cicero, as for many ancient authors, history was considered a branch of rhetoric. The purpose of history was not simply to be a record of facts, but to teach moral lessons. This led to significant debates about how much a historian should simply stick to bare known facts versus the degree to which it was necessary to include commentary and even imaginative reconstruction.  Thucydides, for example,

What happened to the sniper after he found his dead brother? Did he keep fighting, or did he stop and cope with the loss of his brother?

The final sentence of the story is the sniper discovering that the other sniper was his brother. There is no textual evidence that supports the sniper going back to the war or taking time to cope with the loss of his brother. If the question is asking "what do you think," then either answer is fine as long as you explain your reasons. Personally, I think the sniper would have sat down to mourn and... The final sentence of the story is the sniper discovering that the other sniper was his brother. There is no textual evidence that supports the sniper going back to the war or taking time to cope with the loss of his brother. If the question is asking "what do you think," then either answer is fine as long as you explain your reasons. Personally, I think the sniper would have sat down to mourn and begin coping with the loss of his brother. When the story begins, the sniper is painted as a hardened, fanatical killer. His face was the face of a student, thin and ascetic,

Who is Picasso?

Pablo Picasso was a Spanish artist who lived from 1881-1973 and is credited with being one of the greatest artists of the 20th century; he invented the Cubism style of painting and also contributed strongly to the Surrealism style of painting. He struggled as a student, but he ultimately focused on his art and, thus, he changed the way both artists and non-artists saw the world. Picasso began to draw as a child, and he... Pablo Picasso was a Spanish artist who lived from 1881-1973 and is credited with being one of the greatest artists of the 20th century; he invented the Cubism style of painting and also contributed strongly to the Surrealism style of painting. He struggled as a student, but he ultimately focused on his art and, thus, he changed the way both artists and non-artists saw the world. Picasso began to draw as a child, and he showed a talent for it very early on. As he got older, he began to feel confined by the rules and order of the structure of school. It was his talent a

How is Ralph responsible in Lord of the Flies?

Ralph's ability to call assemblies, create rules, and protect Piggy and the littluns make him a responsible individual throughout the novel Lord of the Flies . Ralph is the first person to call the boys together on the island and fulfills the position as chief after he is elected. Ralph does his best to prioritize essential tasks, such as building shelters and maintaining a signal fire on top of the mountain. Ralph offers the boys... Ralph's ability to call assemblies, create rules, and protect Piggy and the littluns make him a responsible individual throughout the novel Lord of the Flies . Ralph is the first person to call the boys together on the island and fulfills the position as chief after he is elected. Ralph does his best to prioritize essential tasks, such as building shelters and maintaining a signal fire on top of the mountain. Ralph offers the boys encouragement and tries his best to maintain order while he is chief. Although Ralph is not a successful leader, he do

What is the effect of impurities on freezing point?

The freezing point of a liquid is the temperature at which the solid and liquid forms of the substance are in equilibrium (co-exist). When water is cooled, at 0 degrees Celsius, water starts freezing. On further cooling, the temperature will remain unchanged until the freezing is complete. This temperature (0 C) at which ice and water co-exist is called the freezing point of water.  When a non-volatile solute is dissolved in a liquid, the vapor... The freezing point of a liquid is the temperature at which the solid and liquid forms of the substance are in equilibrium (co-exist). When water is cooled, at 0 degrees Celsius, water starts freezing. On further cooling, the temperature will remain unchanged until the freezing is complete. This temperature (0 C) at which ice and water co-exist is called the freezing point of water.  When a non-volatile solute is dissolved in a liquid, the vapor pressure of the solvent is lowered. The vapor pressure of the solution thus formed will be always l

Where is glucose made in a chloroplast?

In a plant cell there are many chloroplasts where photosynthesis occurs. Photosynthesis is broken up into two main steps: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (sometimes called the dark reactions). The light reactions occur within the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts and produce oxygen that is released as a byproduct of splitting water and also the ATP and NADPH that are required for the light-independent reactions. The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis occur in the ... In a plant cell there are many chloroplasts where photosynthesis occurs. Photosynthesis is broken up into two main steps: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (sometimes called the dark reactions). The light reactions occur within the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts and produce oxygen that is released as a byproduct of splitting water and also the ATP and NADPH that are required for the light-independent reactions. The light-independent

What do Atticus and Miss Maudie Atkinson say about killing a mockingbird?

Atticus did not mind if his children played with air-rifles, but he refused to teach them how to shoot the guns.  Jem and Scout thought that their father had no interest in guns.  They later found out that he had been an excellent shot in his younger years.  One day, Atticus talked to Jem about using the air-rifle: "I'd rather you shot at tin cans in the back yard, but I know you'll go after... Atticus did not mind if his children played with air-rifles, but he refused to teach them how to shoot the guns.  Jem and Scout thought that their father had no interest in guns.  They later found out that he had been an excellent shot in his younger years.  One day, Atticus talked to Jem about using the air-rifle: "I'd rather you shot at tin cans in the back yard, but I know you'll go after birds.  Shoot all the bluejays you want, if you can hit 'em, but remember it's a sin to kill a mockingbird."  ( To Kill a Mockingbird , Chapter 10) Though he preferred

What importance does Oedipus Rex have in our society?

Though this play was written ages ago, it still holds important messages that people can learn from today. One important lesson that the tragic hero, Oedipus, learns is that a person cannot escape his or her fate no matter how hard they try. Prior to the events of the play, Oedipus’s parents learn of a disturbing prophecy regarding Oedipus’s future. They take action to avoid that prophecy, but their action actually puts the prophecy into... Though this play was written ages ago, it still holds important messages that people can learn from today. One important lesson that the tragic hero, Oedipus, learns is that a person cannot escape his or her fate no matter how hard they try. Prior to the events of the play, Oedipus’s parents learn of a disturbing prophecy regarding Oedipus’s future. They take action to avoid that prophecy, but their action actually puts the prophecy into motion. Later, Oedipus tries to get to the truth of a murder that he is unaware he committed. Tiresias, the blind

Who is the father of physics?

Although the title "Father of Physics" has not been given to a single individual, Galileo Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein have all been called fathers of physics in western cultures. Galileo Galiliei (1564-1642), known colloquially as Galileo, is best known for his contributions to observational astronomy. His accomplishments include the telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus (similar to moon phases), the discovery of Jupiter's four largest moons (Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto),... Although the title "Father of Physics" has not been given to a single individual, Galileo Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein have all been called fathers of physics in western cultures. Galileo Galiliei (1564-1642), known colloquially as Galileo, is best known for his contributions to observational astronomy. His accomplishments include the telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus (similar to moon phases), the discovery of Jupiter's fo

In "A Pair of Silk Stockings," what did Mrs. Sommers originally plan to do with the money?

The narrator clearly states at the beginning of the story that Mrs. Sommers "did not wish to act hastily, to do anything she might afterward regret." She takes a few days to consider where best to spend the $15 she possesses, with no mention of where that money comes from. In the middle of the night, she decides: A dollar or two should be added to the price usually paid for Janie’s shoes. . .... The narrator clearly states at the beginning of the story that Mrs. Sommers "did not wish to act hastily, to do anything she might afterward regret." She takes a few days to consider where best to spend the $15 she possesses, with no mention of where that money comes from. In the middle of the night, she decides: A dollar or two should be added to the price usually paid for Janie’s shoes. . . She would buy so and so many yards of percale for new shirt waists for the boys and Janie and Mag. . . Mag should have another gown. . . And still there would be left enough for new sto