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Denmark faced a variety of changes when the Germans occupied their country.  Many changes were gradual.  As with other countries during this time, certain things were rationed, and others simply could not be purchased.  During the winter of 1942, there "was no fuel... for the homes and apartments in Copenhagen" and "electricity was rationed."  Cigarettes could no longer be purchased in the stores, and certain foods were unavailable.  These restrictions had a great impact on... Denmark faced a variety of changes when the Germans occupied their country.  Many changes were gradual.  As with other countries during this time, certain things were rationed, and others simply could not be purchased.  During the winter of 1942, there "was no fuel... for the homes and apartments in Copenhagen" and "electricity was rationed."  Cigarettes could no longer be purchased in the stores, and certain foods were unavailable.  These restrictions had a great impact on...

Arthur and Kate Keller were determined to find help for their daughter, Helen.  Helen became deaf and blind when she was one year old.  In the 1880s, children with such severe disabilities were often sent away to live in asylums or at boarding schools.  They were sometimes not expected to learn or live normal lives.  Helen's parents did not feel this way. As Helen grew older and tried to communicate, Mr. and Mrs. Keller "were... Arthur and Kate Keller were determined to find help for their daughter, Helen.  Helen became deaf and blind when she was one year old.  In the 1880s, children with such severe disabilities were often sent away to live in asylums or at boarding schools.  They were sometimes not expected to learn or live normal lives.  Helen's parents did not feel this way. As Helen grew older and tried to communicate, Mr. and Mrs. Keller "were deeply grieved and perplexed."  They wanted to help their daughter, but they did not know how.  They began to rese...

Atticus says, "We know all men are not created equal" in chapter twenty during his closing remarks for the Tom Robinson case. His first example pertaining to this phrase is what he sees in public education, which might make one think of Scout's experience on her first day of school in chapter two. The children who show up for first grade that day are certainly not created equal. For example, Scout is a great reader and can read everything her teacher puts in front of her. Walter Cunningham, on the other hand, has been going to the first day of first grade for a couple of years and still can't read. Atticus would not consider them equal academically. Ironically, though, Scout is pressured by her teacher, Miss Caroline, to stop reading with her father and to forget everything she knows so she can learn to read with her class. It's as if Scout is being forced to act on an "equal" playing field with people who did not learn to read prior to starting school. ...

When you think of classical Greece, you probably think of the greatness of the arts, theater, and literature. These qualities can be attributed to the ancient city of Athens. The dramatic arts of Athens were an important contribution to Western Civilization.  Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides all wrote accomplished scripts that became classics. Artists and architects of Athens created works of art that have endured for the centuries, including the Parthenon which is the signature structure... When you think of classical Greece, you probably think of the greatness of the arts, theater, and literature. These qualities can be attributed to the ancient city of Athens. The dramatic arts of Athens were an important contribution to Western Civilization.  Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides all wrote accomplished scripts that became classics. Artists and architects of Athens created works of art that have endured for the centuries, including the Parthenon which is the signature structure in ...

Similar figures have the same "shape", but not necessarily the same size. For polygons in particular, the corresponding angles are congruent and corresponding side lengths are proportional. The constant of proportionality is called the scale factor. (This is also the dilation factor as similar figures can be considered as dilations of a preimage to an image.) If the scale factor is a:b then all  corresponding lengths are in the ratio of a:b. (e.g. lengths of... Similar figures have the same "shape", but not necessarily the same size. For polygons in particular, the corresponding angles are congruent and corresponding side lengths are proportional. The constant of proportionality is called the scale factor. (This is also the dilation factor as similar figures can be considered as dilations of a preimage to an image.) If the scale factor is a:b then all  corresponding lengths are in the ratio of a:b. (e.g. lengths of corresponding sides, lengths of corresponding diago...

This quote is a play on the adage, "Give a man a fish, and he will eat for a day. Teach a man to fish, and he will eat for a lifetime." Marx's alteration of the second half is a commentary on the the ways in which business can exploit personal needs and capabilities. One of the basics of business is the relationship between supply and demand. In the case of this quote, the demand... This quote is a play on the adage, "Give a man a fish, and he will eat for a day. Teach a man to fish, and he will eat for a lifetime." Marx's alteration of the second half is a commentary on the the ways in which business can exploit personal needs and capabilities. One of the basics of business is the relationship between supply and demand. In the case of this quote, the demand is for fish. If a man does not know how to fish (or otherwise acquire food,) he must buy fish from someone else. The supply is coming from someone who does know how to fish and can profit by selling thei...

At the luncheon, Daisy is acting very flirtatiously toward Gatsby. She says things like, "You always look so cool," and "You resemble the advertisement of a man." These seemingly innocent comments are actually deeply representative of the situation that Daisy finds herself in. In terms of setting, the drawing room in which the luncheon is held is stifling. The "day was broiling, almost the last, certainly the warmest, of the summer." Upon Nick's entrance, the... At the luncheon, Daisy is acting very flirtatiously toward Gatsby. She says things like, "You always look so cool," and "You resemble the advertisement of a man." These seemingly innocent comments are actually deeply representative of the situation that Daisy finds herself in. In terms of setting, the drawing room in which the luncheon is held is stifling. The "day was broiling, almost the last, certainly the warmest, of the summer." Upon Nick's entrance, the w...

In Book IX, Odysseus briefly describes the time he spent with Calypso, who kept him prisoner, and Circe, "full of craft" who kept him in her palace.  However, he describes, at much greater length, the problems he faced in Ismarus, the land of the Lotus-eaters, and the land of the Cyclops.  Ismarus was the first place his crew stopped after their victory at Troy, and after they'd pillaged the town, Odysseus advised them all to... In Book IX, Odysseus briefly describes the time he spent with Calypso, who kept him prisoner, and Circe, "full of craft" who kept him in her palace.  However, he describes, at much greater length, the problems he faced in Ismarus, the land of the Lotus-eaters, and the land of the Cyclops.  Ismarus was the first place his crew stopped after their victory at Troy, and after they'd pillaged the town, Odysseus advised them all to return to the ship and go, but they decided to get drunk and fall asleep.  They are then attacked at night by...

A lot happens in this final act of Hamlet , so narrowing everything down to those five remaining boxes is challenging. If I were you, I would start with a list of all the major things that happen from Claudius arranging the duel until the end of the play.  Hamlet has a philosophical chat with the gravedigger. Ophelia's funeral comes by and Laertes is mourning very loudly and publicly, even jumping into her grave. Hamlet... A lot happens in this final act of Hamlet , so narrowing everything down to those five remaining boxes is challenging. If I were you, I would start with a list of all the major things that happen from Claudius arranging the duel until the end of the play.  Hamlet has a philosophical chat with the gravedigger. Ophelia's funeral comes by and Laertes is mourning very loudly and publicly, even jumping into her grave. Hamlet jumps in too and starts fighting with Laertes about who loved Ophelia more. Hamlet challenges Laertes to a duel. [etc. until the end of the p...

In what is called open market operations, the Federal Reserve can effectively create or destroy money by buying or selling bonds to banks. If they create money, this is called  expansionary  monetary policy; if they destroy money, this is called  contractionary. If they sell bonds to a bank, they are effectively removing that bank's money from the system. The bank is willing to do this because they get an asset---the Treasury bonds---that is worth as much to them as the money they lose. Eventually that bond will mature and pay out to the bank, but until then that money is not in the system. Using this example, if the Fed sells $50 million in Treasury bonds to Bank A, the bank's balance sheet will show the loss of one asset---the cash reserves of $50 million---and the gain of another asset of equal market value---the Treasury bonds. Since the banks now have less reserves than they wanted, they will have less money to lend, and will raise interest rates. Based on the reserve requ...

At one point, Offred says, "I compose myself.  My self is a thing I must now compose, as one composes a speech.  What I must present is a made thing, not something born."  Here, she plays with the word compose .  When we say that someone composes a speech, we mean that the person writes and prepares it.  When we say that someone composes herself, we mean that she collects her thoughts and feelings and... At one point, Offred says, "I compose myself.  My self is a thing I must now compose, as one composes a speech.  What I must present is a made thing, not something born."  Here, she plays with the word compose .  When we say that someone composes a speech, we mean that the person writes and prepares it.  When we say that someone composes herself, we mean that she collects her thoughts and feelings and presents an image that seems put together, so to speak.  Offred seems to mean that she composes herself in both senses of the word: she attempts to collect and prepare...

When Jonas’s number is called, he is skipped.  Jonas thinks he has done something wrong and is embarrassed.   The Ceremony of Twelve is the most significant day in a child’s life.  It is the day he takes the first steps to becoming an adult, because he receives his assignment.  Children in Jonas’s community do not choose their own jobs.  The community chooses for them.  Jonas has no idea what his assignment is going to be.  The children are closely watched by Elders for the years leading up to the ceremony.  The Elders review their volunteer hours and talk to their teachers.  They base the assignment on each child’s abilities, intelligence, and interests.  Jonas has not concentrated his hours in one place.  When it is Jonas’s turn at the ceremony, something extraordinary happens.  All children born in a year are assigned a number.  Jonas is number 19.  However, the Chief Elder calls number 20 after number 18.  She skipped me, Jonas thought, stunned. Had he heard wrong?  No. There was a...

There are a variety of ways to interpret the fossil record in a way that supports Darwin's theory. One of the primary considerations is the Law of Superposition, which says that, in the absence of disruptive forces such as plate tectonics altering the orientation of fossil layers, the oldest material should be on the bottom, and the newest material on the top. This is typically demonstrated upon observation through several means, such as radiometric dating,... There are a variety of ways to interpret the fossil record in a way that supports Darwin's theory. One of the primary considerations is the Law of Superposition, which says that, in the absence of disruptive forces such as plate tectonics altering the orientation of fossil layers, the oldest material should be on the bottom, and the newest material on the top. This is typically demonstrated upon observation through several means, such as radiometric dating, as well as observing the nature of the fossils themselves. If the...

Most American people didn’t support the early labor unions in the United States. Business owners weren’t in favor of the formation of these unions. The creation of labor unions could potentially increase operating costs for businesses. Workers wanted higher pay and improved working conditions. These demands would add costs to the operation of a business. The courts also weren’t friendly to the early labor unions. There were no laws the gave unions the legal protection... Most American people didn’t support the early labor unions in the United States. Business owners weren’t in favor of the formation of these unions. The creation of labor unions could potentially increase operating costs for businesses. Workers wanted higher pay and improved working conditions. These demands would add costs to the operation of a business. The courts also weren’t friendly to the early labor unions. There were no laws the gave unions the legal protection to exist. The business owners and judges often had ...

This period from 1865 to 1877 is usually called Reconstruction. The obvious problem for America in April 1865 is the assassination of a President: Abraham Lincoln was murdered on April 14, 1865. The sudden death of a country's leader can only bring turmoil even in the best of times---and this was certainly not the best of times. The United States had just emerged from its one and only civil war, the first major war US soldiers had fought in 50 years. One major problem that arose was what to do with these Southern states: They had started part of the US, seceded to form their own Confederacy, and now were occupied by Union troops at the conclusion of the war. The question of how to re-integrate them into the United States loomed large, and raised a number of sub-questions about whether and how much they should be penalized for their rebellion, what sort of reforms they should be required to undertake, what sort of governance the newly re-integrated states should have. After taking o...

Miss Maudie and Atticus both point out it is a sign of progress that the jury actually deliberated in the Tom Robinson case.  Maycomb is a town deeply divided by race. Most white people in the town think there is absolutely nothing wrong with racism. It is just the way things are in their town. When Tom Robinson is put on trial for the rape of a white woman, things really come to a head.  At first, the town opposes Atticus for defending a black man. They assume if a white man accuses a black man, then the black man must be guilty. Therefore, when Bob Ewell says Tom Robinson raped his daughter, Bob must be right. White people believe they have to stick together, and at that time only whites could be on juries.  At the trial, it becomes clear the rape never happened. Bob Ewell beat up his daughter when he saw her with Tom Robinson and accused Tom of rape to cover it up. Atticus proved all of this, and the prosecution never proved the crime occurred.   Still, Tom Robinson is convicted. Su...

Ralph tries to rule with a sense of democracy, but he nags when he is ineffective.  Jack rules through totalitarian means, and relies on fear to make sure no one defies him. Ralph is the one who directs things from the beginning, always focusing on a practical purpose.  He blows the seashell and it calls the boys together.  He then determines that they need a leader.  “Shut up,” said Ralph absently. He lifted the conch.... Ralph tries to rule with a sense of democracy, but he nags when he is ineffective.  Jack rules through totalitarian means, and relies on fear to make sure no one defies him. Ralph is the one who directs things from the beginning, always focusing on a practical purpose.  He blows the seashell and it calls the boys together.  He then determines that they need a leader.  “Shut up,” said Ralph absently. He lifted the conch. “Seems to me we ought to have a chief to decide things.” “A chief! A chief!” “I ought to be chief,” said Jack with simple arrogance, “because I’m cha...

The four main characters in Lord of the Flies are well-developed characters with obvious strengths and weaknesses. Ralph's strengths are his willingness to put others first and his cooperativeness; his weaknesses are a lack of natural leadership and lack of focus. Piggy is highly intelligent and has a strong sense of right and wrong; unfortunately, he is obnoxious, physically weak, and whiny. Jack has an innate ability to get people to do what he wants... The four main characters in Lord of the Flies are well-developed characters with obvious strengths and weaknesses. Ralph's strengths are his willingness to put others first and his cooperativeness; his weaknesses are a lack of natural leadership and lack of focus. Piggy is highly intelligent and has a strong sense of right and wrong; unfortunately, he is obnoxious, physically weak, and whiny. Jack has an innate ability to get people to do what he wants and has drive; however, he is selfish and immature. Simon is insightful and...

The next time the audience sees Juliet after the balcony scene is when her nurse returns from a meeting with Romeo to learn what provisions he has made for his marriage to Juliet.  Juliet is excited, hopeful, and impatient, especially because the nurse is purposely delaying and teasing her.  Juliet says, exasperatedly, "How are thou out of breath, when thou hast breath / To say to me that thou art out of breath?" (II.5.33-34).  The... The next time the audience sees Juliet after the balcony scene is when her nurse returns from a meeting with Romeo to learn what provisions he has made for his marriage to Juliet.  Juliet is excited, hopeful, and impatient, especially because the nurse is purposely delaying and teasing her.  Juliet says, exasperatedly, "How are thou out of breath, when thou hast breath / To say to me that thou art out of breath?" (II.5.33-34).  The nurse makes all manner of excuses to prolong Juliet's suspense: complaining about her aching head and...

To Kill a Mockingbird is a bildungsroman, or a coming-of-age story. The book chronicles the many events that teach Scout about the world around her, which is Maycomb, Alabama in the 1930s. The question might not necessarily be what changes Scout, but how she changes throughout the course of the novel. As Scout learns about racism, prejudice, and discrimination, she is constantly faced with choices about how she will react and what she will believe. Will... To Kill a Mockingbird is a bildungsroman, or a coming-of-age story. The book chronicles the many events that teach Scout about the world around her, which is Maycomb, Alabama in the 1930s. The question might not necessarily be what changes Scout, but how she changes throughout the course of the novel. As Scout learns about racism, prejudice, and discrimination, she is constantly faced with choices about how she will react and what she will believe. Will she grow up to be a product of her hometown, or will she be influenced more by t...

That phrase is a poetic description of the bracelets themselves. "Rainbow-tinted circles of light" is simply a beautiful way of saying "circular, shiny bracelets in many different colors." "Rainbow-tinted" means that the bracelets are colored ("tinted") in many different hues. "Circles of light" means that the bracelets are round and that they reflect light--that is, they're shiny. Naidu's poem uses imagery and color, as well as plenty of natural similes, to describe the bangles (solid,... That phrase is a poetic description of the bracelets themselves. "Rainbow-tinted circles of light" is simply a beautiful way of saying "circular, shiny bracelets in many different colors." "Rainbow-tinted" means that the bracelets are colored ("tinted") in many different hues. "Circles of light" means that the bracelets are round and that they reflect light--that is, they're shiny. Naidu...

1) In  Dr. Heidegger's Experiment,  the eponymous doctor tests four of his acquaintances by offering them water from a river in Florida near the Fountain of Youth. This supernatural element is the most central gothic pattern in the short story. More specifically, there is the presence of something esoteric (the elixir of youth) which breaks the bounds of ordinary mortality. 2) It is also interesting that the Fountain of Youth is to be found in Florida rather than some more exotic locale. This is yet another feature of gothic literature, particularly in the time of Hawthorne. Indeed, Hawthorne himself once remarked: In truth it is desperately hard work when we attempt to throw the spell of hoar antiquity over localities with which the living world and the day passing over us have aught to do. ("Howe's Masquerade") The legend of the Fountain of Youth is an ancient one and, in localizing it near Lake Macaco in Florida, Hawthorne is  indeed investing it with gothic romanc...

In Chapter 4, Bryon describes his high school and mentions that it is a big school where students come from two drastically different areas. The poorer students were considered greasers, while the kids who lived in the wealthier areas were called the Socs. He comments that the two groups used to fight frequently, but not anymore. Bryon says, "in these days, with all that love, peace, and groove stuff, the fights had slacked off" (Hinton... In Chapter 4, Bryon describes his high school and mentions that it is a big school where students come from two drastically different areas. The poorer students were considered greasers, while the kids who lived in the wealthier areas were called the Socs. He comments that the two groups used to fight frequently, but not anymore. Bryon says, "in these days, with all that love, peace, and groove stuff, the fights had slacked off" (Hinton 70). Bryon also mentions that it was getting harder to tell which kids were Socs and which were...

Most scholars agree that "The Yellow Wallpaper" is a thrilling psychological story.  It becomes clear over the course of the story that the unnamed woman is suffering from Postpartum Depression, which is a condition that sometimes occurs in women after they've had a baby. Symptoms, according to Mayo Clinic, include excessive crying, fatigue, depression, irritability, decreased appetite, and anxiety. If left untreated, postpartum depression can turn into Postpartum Psychosis, in which the woman experiences hallucinations,... Most scholars agree that "The Yellow Wallpaper" is a thrilling psychological story.  It becomes clear over the course of the story that the unnamed woman is suffering from Postpartum Depression, which is a condition that sometimes occurs in women after they've had a baby. Symptoms, according to Mayo Clinic, include excessive crying, fatigue, depression, irritability, decreased appetite, and anxiety. If left untreated, postpartum depressio...

In Chapter 27 of Red Harvest, Reno Starkey confesses to the murder of Dinah Brand. Accordingly, the story is set in a small town, Personville, which has been overrun by rival groups of gangsters. Donald Willsson, a newspaper publisher, had originally hired The Continental Op, a private detective, to take down the four rival crooks who were running the town. However, Donald is murdered before he gets to meet with The Continental Op. Determined to... In Chapter 27 of Red Harvest, Reno Starkey confesses to the murder of Dinah Brand. Accordingly, the story is set in a small town, Personville, which has been overrun by rival groups of gangsters. Donald Willsson, a newspaper publisher, had originally hired The Continental Op, a private detective, to take down the four rival crooks who were running the town. However, Donald is murdered before he gets to meet with The Continental Op. Determined to discover the identity of Donald's murderer, The Continental Op sets to work. He discovers t...

In his essay "Paleface and Redskin" ( The Kenyon Review , 1939), the 20th century literary critic Philip Rahv went a long way to defining what is uniquely "American" in American literature. Rahv posited that American letters has produced two "polar types" of writers. On one hand, there is the "paleface," writers such as Henry James with his "drawing-room fictions" and Herman Melville, who was, in his "tragic loneliness," acutely interested in what William Faulkner... In his essay "Paleface and Redskin" ( The Kenyon Review , 1939), the 20th century literary critic Philip Rahv went a long way to defining what is uniquely "American" in American literature. Rahv posited that American letters has produced two "polar types" of writers. On one hand, there is the "paleface," writers such as Henry James with his "drawing-room fictions" and Herman Melville, who was, in his "tragic l...

Temperature and pressure of a gas are directly proportional to each other. This can be also be written as: `P alpha T` This also means that `P/T = constant` or, `P_1/T_1 = P_2/T_2` where P1 and P2 are pressures at temperatures T1 and T2, respectively. This is true if the volume is held constant. One way to think about the pressure-temperature relationship is to consider what happens when the temperature changes. If we increase the... Temperature and pressure of a gas are directly proportional to each other. This can be also be written as: `P alpha T` This also means that `P/T = constant` or, `P_1/T_1 = P_2/T_2` where P1 and P2 are pressures at temperatures T1 and T2, respectively. This is true if the volume is held constant. One way to think about the pressure-temperature relationship is to consider what happens when the temperature changes. If we increase the temperature of a gas, its molecules will have more kinetic energy and they will have more collisions with each other and the co...

One of the most interesting things about The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is the way that the lines between the supernatural and the realistic are continually blurred; in fact, the ambiguity created by the story’s events is partially responsible for the popularity of the tale long after its original publication. If we examine the descriptions of the supernatural in relation to how they are juxtaposed against the realistic, then we can better understand how sometimes the supernatural and natural are conflated with each other so that it becomes impossible to tell what is real. In the story’s second paragraph we are led to believe that Sleepy Hollow has a supernatural history. It is described as having “a drowsy, dreamy influence [that] seems to hang over the land, and to pervade the very atmosphere.” By relating the place to a dream, Irving connects the landscape -- that which is palpable and can be perceived -- to that of dreams, which are abstract and surreal. He then says, “Some say that t...

The scorpion’s significance is clear, because it sets the story moving.  The baby is threatened, and the family wants money to go to a doctor.  Soon after, Kino finds a pearl.  However, the scorpion also symbolizes evil.  It represents all of the threats to the family that lurk for Kino.  Consider Kino’s reaction to the sting. He threw it down and beat it into the earth floor with his fist, and Coyotito screamed with pain... The scorpion’s significance is clear, because it sets the story moving.  The baby is threatened, and the family wants money to go to a doctor.  Soon after, Kino finds a pearl.  However, the scorpion also symbolizes evil.  It represents all of the threats to the family that lurk for Kino.  Consider Kino’s reaction to the sting. He threw it down and beat it into the earth floor with his fist, and Coyotito screamed with pain in his box. But Kino beat and stamped the enemy until it was only a fragment and a moist place in the dirt. His teeth were bared and fury flared ...

Nick is basically noting (to himself) what a hypocrite Tom is. Tom is giving Gatsby a hard time because he knows that something is going on between Gatsby and Daisy, Tom's wife. Nick finds this amusing and hypocritical because Tom has been cheating on Daisy for a much longer time. This is why Nick says he is tempted to laugh every time Tom opens his mouth. Who knows what hypocritical thing Tom might say next? ... Nick is basically noting (to himself) what a hypocrite Tom is. Tom is giving Gatsby a hard time because he knows that something is going on between Gatsby and Daisy, Tom's wife. Nick finds this amusing and hypocritical because Tom has been cheating on Daisy for a much longer time. This is why Nick says he is tempted to laugh every time Tom opens his mouth. Who knows what hypocritical thing Tom might say next? Nick notes that Tom illustrates a transition from libertine to prig. A libertine, in this context, is one who ignores social morality and responsibility, namely i...

Montresor seems to be bragging about his cleverness in planning his perfect crime and his success in bringing it off as planned. First he takes pains to ensure that everyone will think he and Fortunato are the best of friends, including Fortunato himself. He refers to Fortunato as "my friend," "my good friend," and "my poor friend" repeatedly throughout the story. He prepares the materials he will need for Fortunato's "immolation." The stones for the wall are piled in front of the recess. The mortar is already mixed and covered with human bones dripping water to keep it from drying and hardening. He keeps the trowel on his person because he doesn't want it rusting in that damp atmosphere. He takes plenty of time to hone his story to perfection. He not only tells Fortunato that he has purchased a pipe (125 gallons) of Amontillado at a bargain price, but that he is on his way to Luchesi to get him to sample it, since he has been unable to f...

This depends on the solute and solvent that is used. A solution is a liquid mixture in which the solute is uniformly distributed within the solvent. A solvent does the dissolving. An example is water, which is referred to as the universal solvent. A solute is what gets dissolved. An example of a solution is sugar water. The sugar gets dissolved, yet the solution is still a liquid, even when a solid was added.  Solutions... This depends on the solute and solvent that is used. A solution is a liquid mixture in which the solute is uniformly distributed within the solvent. A solvent does the dissolving. An example is water, which is referred to as the universal solvent. A solute is what gets dissolved. An example of a solution is sugar water. The sugar gets dissolved, yet the solution is still a liquid, even when a solid was added.  Solutions are homogeneous in nature, meaning you cannot distinguish the solute and the solvent and they cannot be separated by physical means. In solutions tha...

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) participated in the Cold War in two main ways.  First, since it was a spy agency, it engaged in espionage.  Second, it undertook other covert operations around the world to try to undermine governments that sympathized with the Soviet Union. The CIA was and is an intelligence agency.  That means that it is supposed to gather information about foreign countries that the US can use to its own advantage.  The... The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) participated in the Cold War in two main ways.  First, since it was a spy agency, it engaged in espionage.  Second, it undertook other covert operations around the world to try to undermine governments that sympathized with the Soviet Union. The CIA was and is an intelligence agency.  That means that it is supposed to gather information about foreign countries that the US can use to its own advantage.  The CIA did this in the Cold War.  It tried through various methods to learn about other countries.  For ...

It is (at least arguably) accurate to say that the Mexican War caused the Civil War because the Mexican War upset the status quo on slavery.  By doing so, it led to more conflict between the North and the South.  This conflict eventually led to the Civil War. Before the war with Mexico, the North and South had come to an uneasy compromise on the issue of slavery.  This had been put in place in 1820 with the creation of the Missouri Compromise.  People knew which areas could have slaves and which could not.  Many people were unhappy with the situation, but not enough to cause serious trouble.  The war with Mexico changed this. First, the war itself caused discord between the North and the South.  Many people in the North felt that the war was being fought in order to take more territory for slavery.  For this reason, many Northern members of Congress supported the Wilmot Proviso.  This proposal stated that slavery should be banned from any land taken from Mexico in the war.  Of course, ...

Kino’s wife Juana and his brother Juan Tomás felt that the pearl was evil.   Kino felt that all of his troubles were over when he found the Pearl of the World.  It was huge.  It would be worth a lot of money, and would pay for his baby’s medical care, as well as schooling, a church wedding, and any material possessions the family would ever need.  However, there were disadvantages of the pearl.  The... Kino’s wife Juana and his brother Juan Tomás felt that the pearl was evil.   Kino felt that all of his troubles were over when he found the Pearl of the World.  It was huge.  It would be worth a lot of money, and would pay for his baby’s medical care, as well as schooling, a church wedding, and any material possessions the family would ever need.  However, there were disadvantages of the pearl.  The main disadvantage is that it made people jealous.  Juana had her doubts about the pearl.  Especially the longer Kino had it and people tried to take it from him, Kino’s wife began to feel tha...

While several testimonies easily do not support Tom Robinson’s case, it’s harder to find facts that contradict his version of events, especially given that To Kill A Mockingbird ’s theme, purpose, and message rely on Tom Robinson’s innocence. The testimonies that incriminate Tom are woefully inaccurate, as well as motivated by prejudice, self-interest, and spite. For example, Mayella testifies against Tom. In her version of events, she asked Tom to dismantle a chiffarobe (a piece... While several testimonies easily do not support Tom Robinson’s case, it’s harder to find facts that contradict his version of events, especially given that To Kill A Mockingbird ’s theme, purpose, and message rely on Tom Robinson’s innocence. The testimonies that incriminate Tom are woefully inaccurate, as well as motivated by prejudice, self-interest, and spite. For example, Mayella testifies against Tom. In her version of events, she asked Tom to dismantle a chiffarobe (a piece of wooden furniture) in exc...

Old Major's speech, given shortly before he dies, is key to understanding the motives behind the animal uprising that leads to the establishment of Animal Farm. Basically, Old Major argues man is at the root of all the problems the animals face. He says, "man is the only creature that consumes without producing," living instead off the labor and the flesh of other animals. All the milk produced by the cows and all the eggs... Old Major's speech, given shortly before he dies, is key to understanding the motives behind the animal uprising that leads to the establishment of Animal Farm. Basically, Old Major argues man is at the root of all the problems the animals face. He says, "man is the only creature that consumes without producing," living instead off the labor and the flesh of other animals. All the milk produced by the cows and all the eggs laid by the hens are consumed by men. Jones, the farmer who owns Manor Farm, will use up the animals and literally ...

The outdoor temperature was 8 degrees at midnight (12:00 a.m.). The temperature declined (or decreased) 5 degrees during  each of the next 3 hours. What was the temperature at 3:00 a.m. ? At 12:00 a.m. the temperature was 8 degrees. During the first hour the temperature decreased by 5 degrees. This means at 1:00 a.m. the temperature was 8 degrees - 5 degrees = 3 degrees. During the second hour the temperature decreased by... The outdoor temperature was 8 degrees at midnight (12:00 a.m.). The temperature declined (or decreased) 5 degrees during  each of the next 3 hours. What was the temperature at 3:00 a.m. ? At 12:00 a.m. the temperature was 8 degrees. During the first hour the temperature decreased by 5 degrees. This means at 1:00 a.m. the temperature was 8 degrees - 5 degrees = 3 degrees. During the second hour the temperature decreased by another 5 degrees.  This means at 2:00 a.m. the temperature was 3 degrees - 5 degrees =-2 degrees.  During the third hour the temperature again...

Both the narratives of "Ligeia" and "The Masque of the Red Death" dramatize the human desire to conquer death through the power of the will. In "Ligeia," death is conquered by means of the determination of the will. The narrator feels that there is a connection between part of the character of his beloved Ligeia, who possessed "a stern passion," and the beliefs in the supernatural of Joseph Glanvill, an English moralist who contended: Man... Both the narratives of "Ligeia" and "The Masque of the Red Death" dramatize the human desire to conquer death through the power of the will. In "Ligeia," death is conquered by means of the determination of the will. The narrator feels that there is a connection between part of the character of his beloved Ligeia, who possessed "a stern passion," and the beliefs in the supernatural of Joseph Glanvill, an English moralist who contended: Man doth not yield himself to the a...

In Shakespeare'  Othello,  the tragic hero Othello is driven primarily by jealousy, confusion, and a sense of inferiority to murder his wife Desdemona.  Iago sets up a ruse to get Othello to believe that Desdemona has been having an affair with Othello's new lieutenant Michael Cassio.  When Othello asks for "ocular proof," and Iago is able to set up the handkerchief as the tangible symbol of the affair, Othello is driven into a jealous rage.... In Shakespeare'  Othello,  the tragic hero Othello is driven primarily by jealousy, confusion, and a sense of inferiority to murder his wife Desdemona.  Iago sets up a ruse to get Othello to believe that Desdemona has been having an affair with Othello's new lieutenant Michael Cassio.  When Othello asks for "ocular proof," and Iago is able to set up the handkerchief as the tangible symbol of the affair, Othello is driven into a jealous rage.  Othello's inner sense of inferiority and the general public'...

Aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid is made by reacting salicylic acid with a base. There are various ways to synthesize aspirin (but the method of calculating the percent yield is the same for any chemical reaction). One way is to react salicylic acid with acetic anhydride, a base, in the presence of pyridine as a catalayst. In brief, pyridine hydrogen bonds with the phenolic hydrogen, thus activating it for acetylation.  The chemical equation for this is as follows: `2C_7H_6O_3 + C_4H_6O_3 -> 2C_9H_8O_4 + H_2O ` , where the chemical species are salicylic acid, acetic anhydride, aspirin, and water, respectively. Note that pyridine is not in the balanced chemical equation since it only acts as a catalyst and is not consumed in the chemical reaction. Percent yield is a parameter used to determine efficiency of chemical reactions. It is very important in industrial and pharmaceutical chemical industries - in calculating cost-benefit of a reaction and synthesis of a drug, for instance, or...