Skip to main content

How does Laertes behave when he returns to Elsinore after his father's death in Shakespeare's Hamlet?

From the moment Laertes returns to Elsinore in Act IV, Scene 4, he is a man of action. When we last saw him, he was preparing to leave for school. Then, he was a practical and politically astute man. He warned Ophelia to “fear” the fact that, as a prince, Hamlet’s wife would be the result of political expediency, not love (I.3.16-33). He patiently endured a rambling (second) farewell from his father, then took his...

From the moment Laertes returns to Elsinore in Act IV, Scene 4, he is a man of action. When we last saw him, he was preparing to leave for school. Then, he was a practical and politically astute man. He warned Ophelia to “fear” the fact that, as a prince, Hamlet’s wife would be the result of political expediency, not love (I.3.16-33). He patiently endured a rambling (second) farewell from his father, then took his leave with dignity and grace.


Compare that figure, then, to the man who storms into Elsinore in Act IV. Laertes is now leading a rebellion upon the castle:



[Y]oung Laertes, in riotous head,
O’bears your officers. The rabble call him Lord...
They cry, "Choose we! Laertes shall be king!" 
                                                     IV.4.104-10



When Laertes barges into the throne room and finds Claudius, there is no sense of loyalty or political decorum. He calls Claudius “vile king” and forcibly demands answers from him.


Laertes is enraged over his father’s mysterious death and “obscure funeral" (213), where Polonius received no political honors or rites. It seems Laertes will stop at nothing to get answers. Only Ophelia’s madness gives him momentary pause, but Claudius manages to stoke Laertes’s wrath once more and focus it on a new target: Hamlet. That done, we once again see the change Laertes has undergone since Act I as he swears he would go so far as to “cut [Hamlet’s] throat i’ the church” (IV.6.122).


From there, Laertes is just different shades of vengeful grief: jumping into his sister’s grave, getting into a fistfight with Hamlet over her body, and concocting a plot to poison the prince.


But the honorable and conscientious Laertes of Act I is not completely gone. Before striking Hamlet with the poisoned sword tip, he tells us killing Hamlet now is “almost against [his] conscience” (V.2.290). When Laertes is poisoned, his Act I self comes to the fore once more. He confesses his sin to Hamlet and points the finger at the master culprit: “The king! The king’s to blame!” (314)


All of this action is precipitated by the unjust murder of Laertes’s father. For deeper insight into the play, consider how Laertes’s actions differ from Hamlet's, who is also motivated by a father’s murder. It tells us much about the difference between these two men—and why Shakespeare chose to write a play called Hamlet and not one called Laertes.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

What are some external and internal conflicts that Montag has in Fahrenheit 451?

 Montag, the protagonist of Fahrenheit 451, faces both external and internal conflicts throughout the novel. Some examples of these conflicts are: External Conflicts: Conflict with the society: Montag lives in a society that prohibits books and critical thinking. He faces opposition from the government and the people who enforce this law. Montag struggles to come to terms with the fact that his society is based on censorship and control. Conflict with his wife: Montag's wife, Mildred, is completely absorbed in the shallow and meaningless entertainment provided by the government. Montag's growing dissatisfaction with his marriage adds to his external conflict. Conflict with the fire captain: Montag's superior, Captain Beatty, is the personification of the oppressive regime that Montag is fighting against. Montag's struggle against Beatty represents his external conflict with the government. Internal Conflicts: Conflict with his own beliefs: Montag, at the beginning of th...

In A People's History of the United States, why does Howard Zinn feel that Wilson made a flimsy argument for entering World War I?

"War is the health of the state," the radical writer Randolph Bourne said, in the midst of the First World War. Indeed, as the nations of Europe went to war in 1914, the governments flourished, patriotism bloomed, class struggle was stilled, and young men died in frightful numbers on the battlefields-often for a hundred yards of land, a line of trenches. -- Chapter 14, Page 350, A People's History of the United States Howard Zinn outlines his arguments for why World War I was fought in the opening paragraph of Chapter 14 (referenced above). The nationalism that was created by the Great War benefited the elite political and financial leadership of the various countries involved. Socialism, which was gaining momentum in Europe, as was class struggle, took a backseat to mobilizing for war. Zinn believes that World War I was fought for the gain of the industrial capitalists of Europe in a competition for capital and resources. He states that humanity itself was punished by t...

Where did Atticus take the light and extension cord in To Kill a Mockingbird?

Atticus brings the light to the courthouse jail so that he can protect Tom Robinson.  Atticus learns that Tom Robinson, his client, is in danger.  A group of white men want to prevent the trial and lynch Robinson. He is warned by a small group of men that appear at his house.  He refuses to back down.  Atticus knows that the Cunninghams will target his client, so he plans to sit up all night with... Atticus brings the light to the courthouse jail so that he can protect Tom Robinson.  Atticus learns that Tom Robinson, his client, is in danger.  A group of white men want to prevent the trial and lynch Robinson. He is warned by a small group of men that appear at his house.  He refuses to back down.  Atticus knows that the Cunninghams will target his client, so he plans to sit up all night with Jim if that’s what it takes to protect him.  Atticus tells the men that he will make sure his client gets his fair shake at the law.  “Link, that boy might go to the chair, but he’s not going till ...